Who was Babur and Akbar?

(A Brief View )

Babur: The founder of the Mughal empire:

Babur was the first emperor of the empire of the Mughals. He is also known as the founder of the Mughal empire. He starts his kingdom in 1526. His rulership was lasts till 1530. His empire ruled for over 300 years.

Background of Zahir-ud-din Babur:

He was born in 1483. He establishes the largest empire of all time. But he died in 1530. His dynasty led for over 300 years. His name was Zahir.ud.din Muhammad Babur. The name emits the title of the crown he has won. He has known as the Tiger of the empire.

Babur’s family tree:

He was the descendant of the Muslim Turk Mongols. He was the son of Umer Shielh Mirza, who was the descendant of the Turk conqueror Timur. Timur has also known as Tamerlane. Whereas, his mother was a descendant of Genghis Khan. He was the Asian conqueror.

The Mughal Empire was established when Babur defeat the Ibrahim Lodi of Panipat. This battle is also called ” the first battle of Panipat” in 1526. In 1524, Ibrahim Lodi challenged him to win his North Indian dynasty. He also gave him an open challenge to win against his rebels as well.

Babur was a conqueror, he accepted Lodi’s challenge. As a result of his battle, in 1526 Zahir- ud- din Muhammad Bahur won the kingdom of Lodi. He brutally defeated him and his whole kingdom and establish a new dynasty of the Mughal empire.

Rajputs the rebels of the Lodi empire. As a result of the war, their kingdom has also dissolved by the Babur. Since then the Rajputs also became the rebels of the Mughals as well. That was the start of his Mughal empire in the Indian Subcontinent.

In short, his dynasty was Timurid as he was the descendant of Timur and Genghis. But he was the founder of the Mughal dynasty.

• He also won against Medini Rai in the battle of Chanderi in the year 1528.
• He also fought against Mahmud Lodi in 1529. It was the battle at Ghagra.
• He wrote Tuzuk-i-Baburi. It was in his descendant language, Turkish. This book was later translated in the reign of Akbar also known as “Baburnama”.

History:

He was born in Andijan in Uzbekistan in 1483. He as of twelve when he hold the rule of Faghana and wore the crown in 1494. At a young, he faced rebellious forces when he held the throne. After 2 years, he won Samarkand. But as a result, he lost his own throne due to his young age.

He conquered Kabul in 1504, exactly 10 years after his defeat to prove his unremarkable skills of power and rule. He defeats Abdul Razaq Mirza, the king of Kabul. Babur lost Samarkand for the 3rd time, only when he came into partnership. He also loses Sheybnaids with it.

After this continual defeat, he considered ruling over India. It was not many years later, that he wanted to conquer the land of Asia. But he was lost due to his recent fights and his defeats. He asked for the aid from Ottoman Empire.

With this aid, he fought the first war of Panipat and defeated Ibrahim Lodi. He was the Sultan of Dehli. As a result of the historical war in 1526, Babur founded Mughal Empire. He died at the age of 47 in 1530. He was the first emperor to be buried in Agra and reburied in Bagh.e.Babur. His throne has succeeded by his eldest son, Humayun.

Akbar, the great:

Albar was the grandson of Babur. He is also known as “Akbar the Great”. He has also known as the Mughal king who ruled for a long time. Akbar reigned from 1556 to 1605. He was the third emperor of the Mughal kingdom.

His actual name was Ab’ul Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar. He was born in 1542, at Amarkot present Sindh of Pakistan. He died in 1605 at the age of 63.

Akbar is known to be the greatest and most successful emperor in Mughal history. During his reign, the Mughal empire enlarged at a very large scale covering the sub-continents. His power has ruled over the continents of India. He works on the military,  economical, cultural, and also political perspectives of the kingdom.

He was the very first ruler to start the system of administration. Akbar also introduced various laws of marriage, trade, inheritance, education, and many others. On the other hand, to become popular among the people of his empire he introduced laws that helped him to form peace throughout his empire.

During his reign, the empire has not only expanded throughout lands but also in economical perspectives. They start to increase their cultural trades as well as the commercial scale of other things.

He was the first emperor to build a library in that era. He created a library of 24,000 volumes of different languages. These languages include Sanskrit, Persian, Urdu, Latin, Greek, Arabic, and Kashmiri. He also worked on art which includes paintings, calligraphy, crafts, handmade clothes, pots, art statues, writings, etc.

He also worked to strengthen his military system. During his long reign, he fought many battles. He also started the system of tax. Akbar builds strong rules to create strong relationships with other religions. He also focused on the increase of his Islam but also respectfully formed peace with other religions.

He died in 1605 as he got ill from the last attack of dysentery. Akbar has buried in Sikandra at Akbar’s Tomb in Agra.

Summary:

In short, Babur was the founder while Akbar was the successor of the Mughal empire. Both have played a historical and powerful role in the history of early Islamic modern civilization. This civilization is known as “The empire of the Mughals”.